Sequence of
tenses (known in latin as consecutio temporum, and also known as
agreement of tenses, succession of tenses and tense harmony) is a set of
grammaticals rules of a particular language, governing the agreement between
the tenses of verbs in related clauses or sentences.
A typical
context in which rules of sequence of tenses apply is that of indirecet speech.
If, at some past time, someone spoke a sentence in a particular tense (say the
present tense), and that act of speaking is now being reported, the tense used
in the clause that corresponds to the words spoken may or may not be the same
as the tense that was used by the original speaker. In some languages the tense
tends to be "shifted back", so that what was originally spoken in the
present tense is reported using the past tense (since what was in the present
at the time of the original sentence is in the past relative to the time of
reporting). english is one of the languages in which this often occurs. For
example, if someone said "I need a drink", this may be reported in
the form "She said she needed a drink", with the tense of the verb need
changed from present to past.
The "shifting
back" of tense as described in the previous paragraph may be called
backshifting or an attracted sequence of tenses. In languages and contexts
where such a shift does not occur, there may be said by contrast to be a
natural sequence.
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